Snakes are a common sight in many parts of the country, and while most species are harmless, a few can pose a danger due to their venom. Being able to distinguish between venomous and non-venomous snakes is essential for personal safety and conservation efforts. Here’s a guide to help you tell the difference.
Head Shape
One of the most noticeable differences between venomous and non-venomous snakes is head shape. Venomous snakes, such as rattlesnakes, copperheads, and cottonmouths, tend to have broad, triangular heads due to the presence of venom glands. In contrast, non-venomous snakes usually have slender, oval-shaped heads. However, some non-venomous species may flatten their heads when threatened to mimic a venomous appearance, so this method is not foolproof.
Pupil Shape
The shape of a snake’s pupils can also be a distinguishing feature. Venomous snakes typically have elliptical (cat-like) pupils, while non-venomous snakes usually have round pupils. However, this method requires close observation, which is not always safe or practical.
Color and Patterns
Some venomous snakes have distinct color patterns. For instance:
-
Coral snakes have red, yellow, and black bands in a specific order: “Red touches yellow, kill a fellow; red touches black, friend of Jack.”
-
Copperheads have a distinctive hourglass pattern across their bodies.
-
Rattlesnakes often have dark diamond or blotchy patterns along their backs.
Non-venomous snakes may have similar patterns, so using color alone is not a reliable method.
Body Shape and Behavior
Venomous snakes tend to have thicker, heavier bodies compared to their non-venomous counterparts. Additionally, they often exhibit defensive behaviors such as coiling, rattling (in the case of rattlesnakes), or displaying an open mouth (cottonmouths). Non-venomous snakes are more likely to flee when confronted.
Tail Features
One of the most recognizable features of venomous snakes is the rattle found on rattlesnakes. This segmented rattle makes a distinct buzzing sound when shaken. While not all venomous snakes have rattles, their presence is a clear indicator of danger.
Geographical Location
Knowing the types of snakes in your region can help you assess potential threats. Venomous species like rattlesnakes, copperheads, cottonmouths, and coral snakes are found in specific regions across North America. Familiarizing yourself with local snake species is a proactive step in identification.
In Keller, TX, common snake species include the venomous Western Diamondback Rattlesnake, Copperhead, and Cottonmouth (Water Moccasin). Non-venomous species such as the Texas Rat Snake, Eastern Hognose Snake, and Garter Snake are also prevalent in the area. While venomous snakes should be treated with caution, non-venomous species help control pest populations and are generally harmless.
What to Do If You Encounter a Snake
Stay calm and keep your distance. Most snakes will not attack unless provoked.
Do not attempt to handle or kill the snake. Many snakebites occur when people try to move or harm them.
Take a picture from a safe distance for identification if necessary.
Contact a professional wildlife removal service like Wildlife X Team if you need assistance safely relocating a snake.
Final Thoughts
While many people fear snakes, they play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance by controlling rodent populations. Learning to distinguish between venomous and non-venomous snakes helps promote safety while allowing these reptiles to thrive in their natural habitats. Contact us today if you have snakes on your property and need help with identification and safe removal.